肩部CT扫描

定义

A computed tomography (CT) scan of the 肩膀 is an imaging method that uses x-rays to create cross-sectional pictures of the 肩膀.

选择的名字

CAT scan - 肩膀; Computed axial tomography scan - 肩膀; Computed tomography scan - 肩膀; CT scan - 肩膀

如何执行测试

You will be asked to lie on a narrow table that slides into the center of the CT scanner.

Once you are inside the scanner, the machine's x-ray beam rotates around you. (Modern "spiral" scanners can perform the exam without stopping.)

A computer creates separate images of the 肩膀 area. 这些被称为切片. These images can be stored, viewed on a monitor, or printed on film. Three-dimensional models of the 肩膀 area can be created by adding the slices together.

You must be still during the exam, because movement causes blurred images. You may be told to hold your breath for short periods of time.

The scan should take only 10 to 15 minutes.

如何准备考试

某些检查需要一种特殊的染料, 叫对比, to be delivered into the body before the test starts. Contrast helps certain areas show up better on the x-rays.

• 造影剂可通过静脉注射。. 如果使用对比, you may also be asked not to eat or drink anything for 4 to 6 hours before the test.
• Let your health care provider know if you have ever had a reaction to contrast. You may need to take medicines before the test in order to safely receive this substance.
• 在接受对比之前, tell your provider if you take the diabetes medicine metformin (Glucophage) because you may need to take extra precautions.

If you weigh more than 300 pounds (135 kilograms), find out if the CT machine has a weight limit. Too much weight can cause damage to the scanner's working parts.

You will be asked to remove jewelry and wear a hospital gown during the study as metal can affect the CT images.

考试的感觉如何

Some people may have discomfort from lying on the hard table.

Contrast given through an IV may cause a slight burning sensation, 嘴里有金属的味道, 还有温暖的身体潮红. These sensations are normal and most often go away within a few seconds.

为什么要进行测试

CT rapidly creates detailed pictures of the 肩膀. 该测试可以帮助诊断或检测:

• A 位错, 骨折或其他肩伤
• Soft tissue problems such as damage to the rotator cuff tendons
• 脓肿 或感染
• The cause of pain or other problems in the 肩膀 joint when 核磁共振成像 做不到
• 肿块和肿瘤，包括癌症
• Healing problems or scar tissue following surgery
• 帮助你计划手术治疗

This test may also help a surgeon perform a biopsy or plan surgical treatment to the 肩膀.

正常的结果

Results are considered normal if the 肩膀 being examined is normal in appearance.

异常结果意味着什么

异常结果可能是由于:

• 脓肿 (收集脓液)
• 骨肿瘤或癌症
• 脱臼 肩膀
• 肩膀骨折
• 肩袖撕裂
• Failure to heal or development of scar tissue after surgery

风险

CT扫描的风险包括:

• 暴露在辐射中
• 对造影剂过敏
• 如果在怀孕期间造成先天缺陷

CT scans do expose you to more radiation than regular x-rays. Having many x-rays or CT scans over time may increase your risk for cancer. However, the risk from any one scan is small. You and your provider should weigh this risk against the benefits of getting a correct diagnosis for a medical problem.

有些人对造影剂过敏. Let your provider know if you have ever had an allergic reaction to injected contrast dye.

• The most common type of contrast given into a vein contains iodine. If a person with an iodine allergy is given this type of contrast, 恶心或呕吐, 打喷嚏, 瘙痒, or 荨麻疹 可能发生.
• If you absolutely must be given such contrast, you may need to get antihistamines (such as Benadryl) or steroids before the test.
• The kidneys help remove iodine out of the body. Those with kidney disease or diabetes may need to receive extra fluids after the test to help flush the iodine out of the body.

Rarely, the dye may cause a life-threatening allergic response called 速发型过敏反应. If you have any trouble breathing during the test, you should notify the scanner operator immediately. Scanners come with an intercom and speakers, so the operator can hear you at all times.

参考文献

Kapoor G, tom AP. Current status of imaging of the musculoskeletal system. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & 艾利森诊断放射学. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 38.

佩雷斯EA. Fractures of the 肩膀, arm, and forearm. In: Azar FM, Beaty JH，编辑. 坎贝尔整形外科. 14日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 57.

Sheah K, Bredella MA. 肩膀. 见:Haaga JR, Boll DT编. 全身CT和核磁共振成像. 6日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 61.