Creatine phosphokinase test

定义

Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is an 酶 在身体里. It is found mainly in 心脏, brain, and skeletal muscle. This article discusses the test to measure the amount of CPK in the blood.

选择的名字

肌酸磷酸激酶试验

How the Test is Performed

A blood sample is needed. This may be taken from a vein. The procedure is called a 静脉穿刺.

This test may be repeated over 2 or 3 days if you are a patient in the hospital.

How to Prepare for the Test

No special preparation is needed most of the time.

Tell your health care provider about any medicines you are taking.

Drugs that can increase CPK measurements include the following:

• 酒精
• 两性霉素B
• 某些麻醉药
• 可卡因
• Fibrate药物
• 他汀类药物
• Steroids, such as dexamethasone

This list is not all-inclusive.

考试的感觉如何

You may feel slight pain when the needle is inserted to draw blood. Some people feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.

Why the Test is Performed

When the total CPK level is very high, it most often means there has been injury or stress to muscle tissue, 心脏, 或者大脑.

Muscle tissue injury is most likely. When a muscle is damaged, CPK leaks into the bloodstream. Finding which specific form of CPK is high helps determine which tissue has been damaged.

This test may be used to:

• 诊断 心脏病
• 评估原因 胸部疼痛
• Determine if or how badly a muscle is damaged
• 检测 皮肌炎, 多肌炎, and other muscle diseases
• Tell the difference between 恶性高热 and postoperative infection

The pattern and timing of a rise or fall in CPK levels can be significant in making a diagnosis. This is particularly true if a 心脏病 is suspected.

In most cases other tests are used instead of or with this test to diagnose a 心脏病.

正常的结果

Total CPK normal values:

• 10 to 120 micrograms per liter (mcg/L)

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

High CPK levels may be seen in people who have:

• 脑损伤或中风
• 抽搐
• 震颤性谵妄
• Dermatomyositis or 多肌炎
• 电击
• 心脏病
• Inflammation of 心脏 muscle (myocarditis)
• Lung tissue death (pulmonary infarction)
• 肌营养不良
• 肌病
• 横纹肌溶解
• 创伤

Other conditions that may give positive test results include:

• 甲状腺功能减退
• 甲状腺机能亢进
• Pericarditis following a 心脏病

风险

风险 associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:

• 大出血
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

注意事项

Other tests should be done to find the exact location of muscle damage.

Factors that may affect test results include 心导管检查, intramuscular injections, trauma to muscles, recent surgery, and heavy exercise.

参考文献

博格K，恩斯鲁德E. 肌肉疾病. In: Frontera WR, Silver JK, Rizzo TD Jr, eds. Essentials of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 第四版. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 136.

Hamel J, Statland JM. 肌肉疾病. In: Wing EJ, Schiffman FJ, eds. Cecil Essentials of Medicine. 10日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 124.

麦卡洛爸. Interface between renal disease and cardiovascular illness. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 12日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 101.

Pincus MR, Carty RP. 临床酶学. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 21.