腹部丝锥

定义

An abdominal tap is used to remove fluid from the area between the belly wall and the spine. This space is called the abdominal cavity or peritoneal cavity.

选择的名字

Peritoneal tap; Paracentesis; Ascites - abdominal tap; Cirrhosis - abdominal tap; Malignant ascites - abdominal tap

How the Test is Performed

This test may be done in a health care provider's office, treatment room, or hospital.

The puncture site will be cleaned and shaved, if necessary. You then receive a local numbing medicine. The tap needle is inserted 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) into the abdomen. Sometimes, a small cut is made to help insert the needle. The fluid is pulled out into a syringe.

针头被取出. A dressing is placed on the puncture site. If a cut was made, one or two stitches may be used to close it.

Sometimes, ultrasound is used to guide the needle. An ultrasound uses sound waves to make the image and not x-rays. 它不疼.

There are 2 kinds of abdominal taps:

• Diagnostic tap -- A small amount of fluid is taken and sent to the laboratory for testing.
• Large volume tap -- Several liters may be removed to relieve abdominal pain and fluid buildup and shortness of breath caused by a large volume of ascites.

How to Prepare for the Test

Let your provider know if you:

• Have any allergies to medicines or numbing medicine
• Are taking any medicines (including herbal remedies)
• Have any bleeding problems
• 可能怀孕了

考试的感觉如何

You may feel a slight sting from the numbing medicine, or pressure as the needle is inserted.

If a large amount of fluid is taken out, you may feel dizzy or lightheaded. Tell the provider if you feel dizzy or lightheaded.

Why the Test is Performed

Normally, the abdominal cavity contains only a small amount of fluid if any. In certain conditions, large amounts of fluid can build up in this space.

An abdominal tap can help diagnose the cause of fluid buildup or the presence of an infection. It may also be done to remove a large amount of fluid to reduce belly pain.

正常的结果

Normally, there should be little or no fluid in the abdominal space.

What Abnormal Results Mean

An exam of abdominal fluid may show:

• Cancer that has spread to the abdominal cavity (most often cancer of the ovaries)
• 肝硬化
• 受损的肠
• 心脏病
• 感染
• 肾脏疾病
• Pancreatic disease (inflammation or cancer)

风险

There is a slight chance that the needle could puncture the bowel, 膀胱, or a blood vessel in the abdomen. If a large quantity of fluid is removed, there is a slight risk of lowered blood pressure and kidney problems. There is also a slight chance of infection.

参考文献

阿拉LH. Paracentesis and diagnostic peritoneal lavage. In: Vincent J-L, Abraham E, Moore FA, Kochanek PM, Fink MP, eds. Textbook of Critical Care. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap E10.

柯夫曼A，朗B. 腹膜程序. In: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, eds. Roberts and Hedges' Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine and Acute Care. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 43.

麦克诺特C. Practical procedures and patient investigation. In: Garden JO, Parks RW, Wigmore SJ, eds. Principles and Practice of Surgery. 8日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 10.

索伦斯，金. Ascites and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 11日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 93.